Enhanced extraction of skin interstitial fluid using a 3D printed device enabling tilted microneedle penetration

Abstract Interstitial fluid (ISF) is a body that fills, surrounds cells and contains various biomarkers, but it has been challenging to extract ISF in reliable sufficient amount with high speed. To address the issues, we developed tilted microneedle collecting system (TMICS) fabricated by 3D printing. In this system, (MN) was inserted at 66° skin TMICS so MN length could be extended within safe range of penetration. Moreover, incorporating three patches created conditions penetrating consistent angle force, 4.9 N. Due increase patch number expansion, surface area penetrated tissue increased, thereby confirming extraction efficiency improved. Skin collected into paper reservoir on patch, absorbed converted volume. from rat vivo well tolerated, 2.9 ?L obtained 30 s. Therefore, promising apply diagnosis multiple biomarkers speed stability.